Starting Seeds Early in Your Homestead Greenhouse
Ready to bring on big yields? With a greenhouse, you’ve got the perfect environment for starting seeds early to get a jump on growing season!
Why Start Seeds in a Greenhouse?
- Controlled Environment: Greenhouses allow you to control temperature, humidity, and light levels, creating optimal conditions for germination and growth.
- Extended Growing Season: You can start seeds earlier than the outdoor growing season permits, giving plants a head start.
- Protection from Elements: Seeds and seedlings are shielded from harsh weather, frost, pests, and diseases.
- Healthier Plants: By starting seeds in a stable environment, you’ll grow stronger, more resilient plants ready to thrive when transplanted.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you get started:
1. Prepare Your Greenhouse
Clean and Organize:
- Remove debris, old plant material, and any pests or diseases that may be lingering.
- Sanitize benches, trays, and tools to reduce the risk of contamination
Check Equipment:
- Test heating systems, ventilation, and lights to ensure they’re functioning properly.
- Install a thermometer and hygrometer to monitor temperature and humidity levels.
Set the Environment:
- Maintain a temperature of 65-75°F for most seeds (check your packets for specific advice).
- Aim for 50-70% humidity to encourage germination while preventing mold.
2. Select Seeds Suitable for Early Planting
Choose Your Seeds:
- Select seeds that align with your region’s last frost date to ensure healthy transplanting.
- Cool-season vegetables choices include lettuce, spinach, kale, broccoli, and peas.
- Hardy early-season flowers include pansies, snapdragons, and petunias.
- Avoid starting warm-season crops like tomatoes and peppers too early unless your greenhouse is heated.
3. Prepare Seed Trays and Soil
Choose Seed Trays:
- Use trays or containers with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
Use Quality Soil:
- Opt for a lightweight, well-draining seed-starting mix that’s free of pests and diseases.
- Avoid garden soil, which may be too heavy and harbor pathogens.
Moisten the Soil:
- Lightly water the soil before planting to ensure even moisture.
4. Sow the Seeds
Plant at the Right Depth:
- Refer to seed packet instructions for the recommended planting depth.
- Cover seeds lightly with soil or vermiculite to retain moisture.
Label Your Trays:
- Use waterproof markers or labels to identify each crop.
Water Gently:
- Use a spray bottle or fine mist to avoid displacing seeds.
5. Provide Ideal Growing Conditions
Light:
- Place seed trays in a sunny location or under grow lights for 12-16 hours a day.
- Rotate trays regularly to ensure even growth.
Heat:
- Use a heat mat to maintain consistent soil temperatures for germination.
Humidity:
- Cover trays with a humidity dome or plastic wrap to retain moisture until seeds germinate.
- Remove covers once seedlings emerge to prevent damping-off disease.
6. Monitor and Care for Seedlings
Thin Seedlings:
- Once seedlings develop their first true leaves, thin them out to prevent overcrowding.
Water Regularly:
- Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
- Water from the bottom to encourage strong root growth.
Fertilize Gently:
- Use a diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer once seedlings develop their first true leaves.
7. Harden Off Before Transplanting
Adjust to Outdoor Conditions:
- Gradually expose seedlings to outdoor conditions 7-10 days before transplanting.
- Start by placing them in a shaded area for a few hours each day, increasing sunlight exposure and time outdoors daily.
Monitor Weather:
- Avoid transplanting during extreme weather conditions like frost or heavy rain.
For more greenhouse tips and expert advice, contact Homestead Greenhouses by Wisconsin Greenhouse Company—we’re here to help with all your growing season needs!